CENIC Today: Volume 10, Issue 2

Welcome to CENIC Today, the monthly newsletter of the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California. In this issue:

CENIC News:

President's Message: Google and the Advertising Model

This month I'd like to share some thoughts about one of the major factors driving the future of the Internet. My thinking is based on my reading one of Robert Cringely’s recent tech columns and the most recent change in business models adopted by the Ruckus music download service.

Cringely’s January 19 article quotes Topix.net founder Rich Skrenta’s position that Google represents to most users the face of the Internet. While it is hard to argue with that proposition, what is even more significant is how Google has developed a business model that is wildly successful, dependent on the Internet, but really based on advertising. Cringely suggests that Google controls more of the fiber-optic infrastructure on which networks are built than any other organization. This suggests to me that Google knows it needs to control at least the cost of the Internet in order to continue to grow its advertising revenue base. Simply put, if it is too expensive for a household to buy “Internet services” to access Google’s advertising, Google’s revenues will not be able to grow. So, Google will make sure the Internet service impediment isn't too high as that would interfere with its advertising-based revenue.

Another case of adopting an advertising-based model is the Ruckus music download service. When Ruckus was formed, its business model was based on college and University site licenses. This was based, I think, on the mistaken premise that college and Universities would be motivated to buy legal music services for their students. When that business model didn't really take off, Ruckus changed to a second one, where there was some free music available for download but mostly there was a monthly subscription- based service. Recently that model too has been discarded, replaced with one where all music is free. How does Ruckus do this? Just as with Google, they are using advertising as their source of revenue.

Where does this all lead -- to a model where the commercial Internet is heavily based on advertising to set its direction and fund its growth. In a sense yes, that seems to where we’re headed, but more generally I think what we’re seeing is a trend to focus more on end uses, whether they be shopping, entertainment, social networking or what have you. And in the end, that’s probably fine and appropriate. Where does this leave education? Well, for now in California, owning much of our own fiber infrastructure we, like Google, are well positioned to control the costs of networking for our members. But, as we are not profit motivated, you won't see advertising as a major part of our strategy — at least not unless we’re overtaken by Google. Check back in ten years to see if my prediction is right.

-- Jim Dolgonas, CENIC

CalREN Update: Network Projects and Activities

Sacramento State University received two CENIC-managed fiber connections and now enjoys dual, diverse connectivity to the CalREN backbone. Sacramento State is therefore the latest CSU campus to benefit from the Campus Access Infrastructure Initiative, a project through which CENIC seeks to provide all Cal State University campuses with diverse Gigabit connectivity to the CalREN backbone. The Campus Access Infrastructure Initiative (CAI) is a crucial part of providing the CSU with robust, high-performance networking. As a result of this initiative, CSU campuses with diverse, dual connections to the CalREN backbone do not typically experience outages when a connection goes down for reasons external to the campus.

California's Community Colleges are also the focus of activity lately. Foremost is the Los Rios Community College District (encompassing American River College, Cosumnes River College, Folsom Lake College, and Sacramento City College), which is slated to become the first CA Community College site with redundant Gigabit connectivity to the CalREN backbone.

The San Bernardino Community College District can also look forward to Gigabit connectivity via CalREN's Riverside node to support their award-winning EduStream.org project, an educational rich-media application that empowers colleges to offer video content to enhance course offerings while addressing producers’ authentication and copyright concerns. You can read more about EduStream.org in the article below.

Further south, the Coast Community College District (encompassing Coastline Community College, Golden West College, and Orange Coast College) and Compton Community College/El Camino College Compton Center are slated to receive Gigabit connections in the near future, as well as Miramar College, which functions as the district hub for the San Diego Community College District and serves the district office, San Diego City College, Miramar College, and Mesa College.

Read future issues of CENIC Today for updates on these and other projects!

-- Ed Smith, CENIC

CENIC `07: Making Waves Conference Report -- A success in sunny La Jolla, CA

From March 12-14, 2007, California's star educators and researchers were joined by many of their colleagues from around the world in La Jolla, the jewel of the California coast, to showcase the uses to which they were putting their connectivity to CalREN. Cutting-edge research was on display side-by-side with innovations in K-20 education and hands-on demonstrations of instructional and networking technology from the @One Project and Stanford University. The conference program included tracks devoted to topics on both Teaching & Learning and Technology & Research, and featured a visit to Calit2@UCSD, the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology at the UC San Diego campus, which included talks and demonstrations of bleeding-edge technology made possible by high-performance networking.

A high point of the conference was the awarding of the CENIC Innovations in Networking Awards for 2007, which takes place every year during CENIC's annual conference. This year's winners include:

Gigabit/Broadband Applications: The Kings County Last Mile Project

Kings County is a rural county situated in the southern Central Valley and, as a rural county faced with unique networking challenges, it required an innovative and visionary solution to bring the benefits of broadband to its K-12 students, faculty, and staff. Thanks to Jerry Waymire of the Kings County Office of Education, the county is now covered with high-capacity wireless microwave connections for all 54 schools and 11 wireless cells utilizing Motorola’s Canopy product that provide for educational-use-only connectivity for students and faculty at home. Learn more at http://www.kings.k12.ca.us/.

Gigabit/Broadband Applications: Connecting Coachella Valley to the World

Robert Webb’s and the Webb Foundation’s dream was to bridge the “digital divide” in their local community. The Foundation began an annual “Heads Up” technology seminar with local network administrators where they discussed advances in computers, networking, and local infrastructure needs. Subsequently, the Webb Foundation provided a planning grant to CENIC to identify opportunities for improving networking in the region. As a result of this work, and with the help of The H.N. and Frances C. Berger Foundation, CENIC, and its grantees, a 400-mile, $3.4 million fiber path now extends the CalREN backbone through the Coachella Valley. The area now enjoys state-of-the-art broadband Internet connectivity which promises to educate as well as benefit the community at large for many years to come. Already, the University of California Riverside and the California State University San Bernardino’s Palm Desert campuses, as well as the College of the Desert, currently enjoy world-class connectivity to their colleagues in California and around the world. Learn more at http://www.cenic.org/PalmDesert/.

Educational Applications: EduStream.org

Like districts everywhere, the San Bernardino Community College District (SBCCD) enhances its educational offering with rich media, including telecourses. Such courses can sometimes confront limitations where face-to-face class time is often dedicated to testing instead of quality interactions between students and faculty and students themselves. Solving this problem with video-on-demand can be costly. The solution developed by the SBCCD is EduStream.org, an educational rich media application that empowers colleges to offer video content to enhance course offerings while addressing producers’ authentication and copyright concerns. Learn more at http://www.edustream.org/.

High-Performance Research Applications: iAnatomy

Using the Gigabit connectivity between CalREN and the Canadian research and education network CA*net4, via Pacific Wave, a joint project of Pacific NorthWest Gigapop and CENIC, Stanford University has collaborated with the Northern Ontario School of Medicine to create iAnatomy, a project by which faculty and students can interact live with Stanford’s Bassett Collection of high-resolution medical images, including 3-D images, during classroom presentations. As an illustration of the benefits of broadband connectivity for distributed medical learning, the iAnatomy project is particularly valuable. Not only does it offer an example of how to make expert resources available to the research and education community worldwide, but it functions quickly and seamlessly, without a prohibitively steep learning curve. Learn more at http://ianatomy.stanford.edu/.

CENIC also recognized Jack McCredie with its Outstanding Individual Achievement Award for 2007 for the outstanding leadership he provided to CENIC during its first 5 years of existence. McCredie served on the CENIC Board of Directors until June 2002. During his tenure, his outstanding contributions and visionary leadership helped shape the success of CENIC.

This year's conference also featured an exceptional group of keynote speakers, including Sunne Wright McPeak, President and CEO of the California Emerging Technology Fund (CETF), John Delaney, director of the NEPTUNE project and professor at the University of Washington's School of Oceanography, and Cherri Pancake, professor at Oregon State University's School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Sunne McPeak's address discussed the CETF and its relevance to CalREN, while John Delaney wowed his audience with brilliant high-definition images from the ocean floor. On Wednesday, Cherri Pancake discussed the science of tsunami research, encompassing everything from wave propagation to tectonics and earthquake research to psychology and city planning. All keynote addresses were webcast live, and archived copies will be made available on the conference website at http://cenic07.cenic.org/.

Conference surveys are also available online and can be accessed at the conference website, so please be sure to stop by and share your feedback and suggestions! We understand that choosing which conferences to attend during the academic year is often challenging since so many are worthwhile, and we look forward to keeping the CENIC Annual Conference at the top of your list of choices. Your feedback will help us to craft next year's conference.

Next year, CENIC returns to the bay area and the Oakland Marriott City Center Hotel in March of 2008. Join us in the historic city of Oakland, with quick and convenient access to air and ground transportation as well as the shopping and fine dining to be had in nearby Chinatown and Jack London Square. Looking forward to seeing you in 2008!

-- Janis Cortese, CENIC

CENIC 2006/2007 Survey is Online -- help us to improve!

CENIC is keenly aware of the importance of what we provide to our community: cost-effective, high-bandwidth networking to support the needs of faculty, researchers, staff, and students. This requires not only expertise and commitment, but a constant desire to improve -- and to do that, we need your help.

We would like you to complete a survey to help us continue to improve. In our CENIC 2006/2007 Survey, you'll find questions covering the technical performance both of our people and the CalREN networks, our promotional and informational materials, CENIC project management, CalREN Video Services, and how much your participation in CalREN benefits you and your institution. The entire survey will take between 5 and 10 minutes to complete.

The CENIC 2006/2007 Survey will be open until June 30, 2007.

The CalREN Video Services (CVS) Roadshow is coming to a campus near you!

The CVS Roadshow is an opportunity for Video Administrators around California to get together and learn more about CalREN Video Services. Be sure to sign up early for this free event. Online registration is available now at http://cvs.cenic.org/roadshow/index.html.

Join us from 9:30AM to 2:00PM at one of the following locations and dates:

• Wednesday, April 11, 2007, California Community College Chancellors Office, Sacramento, CA
• Wednesday, April 18, 2007, Cerritos College, Cerritos, CA
• Friday, April 20, 2007, Palomar College, San Marcos, CA
• Tuesday, April 24, 2007, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA

Highlights will include:

• Presentations demonstrating how video administrators are using videoconferencing to the fullest.
• Presentations on advanced features of the CVS online scheduler.
• Continental breakfast and a light lunch will be served.

Information regarding parking and exact building location will be sent to registered participants via email one week prior to the date of each Roadshow session. Any questions may be directed to Cassandra Patrizio, CVS Coordinator, by phone at (714) 220-3471 or by email to cpatrizio@cenic.org.

Thank you for supporting CalREN Video Services, and we look forward to seeing you at the CVS Roadshow!

-- Cassandra Patrizio, CENIC

TransitRail National Peering Program Announces New Node in Ashburn, VA

On March 26, the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California (CENIC) and Pacific Northwest Gigapop (PNWGP) announced the expansion of the TransitRail national commodity peering program with the activation of a connection point in Ashburn, VA. The first TransitRail node to be activated east of the Mississippi, the Ashburn node has been put into service ahead of schedule and will soon be joined by a fifth node in Chicago, IL.

Together with the current nodes in Seattle, Sunnyvale, and Los Angeles, these two new connection points will give the TransitRail peering program a national footprint and enable research and education institutions to take advantage of low-cost network peering on a national scale. Already, the addition of the Ashburn node has enhanced the significant benefits available through participation in TransitRail.

The University of Utah and the Utah System of Higher Education are two of many participants that have seen significant benefits from TransitRail. “We are pleased that TransitRail now carries up to 50 percent of the commodity Internet traffic for Utah education. It is cost-effective and provides excellent performance. A high-demand connection that required 25 hops can now be made in just six. This collaboration with the Utah Education Network, Front Range GigaPop and other higher education partners provides economy and a high level of service to our stakeholders,” said Steve Hess, CIO for the University of Utah and the Utah System of Higher Education.

To an institution concerned about the costs of their Internet connectivity, participating in TransitRail can spell significant savings over the higher-cost commodity Internet. Oklahoma’s OneNet, a high-performance network dedicated to education and government, has been a participant in the TransitRail program since December 2006 and has seen cost savings and usage far beyond what they anticipated. They and other networks participate in TransitRail via their National LambdaRail (NLR) connection, leveraging NLR’s cutting-edge national infrastructure.

TransitRail's U.S. footprint is connected by 10Gbps waves provided by National LambdaRail (NLR). Each TransitRail node will be connected to, and accessible at, NLR points of presence throughout the United States.

TransitRail peers with major ISPs, and its current participant base represents a substantial segment of the research and education community within the United States. TransitRail is available to any interested R&E network groups.

Both peers and participants are expected to grow significantly as TransitRail continues to expand its operations.

For more information about TransitRail, please contact info@transitrail.net or visit http://www.transitrail.net/.

-- Darrell Newcomb, CENIC

International Orthopedic Conference Held at Calit2

As the provider of broadband networking to California’s research and education community, CENIC is often privileged to see that community put the California Research & Education Network to use to benefit students, researchers, faculty members, and the population at large. On February 13, 2007 at the Calit2 main auditorium, an event took place that simultaneously illustrated benefit to all of these communities.

At 2pm Pacific Time, researchers and representatives from all over the world, as well as a panel of distinguished experts in California, took part in the first International Orthopedic Conference to discuss the ways in which access to broadband networking could benefit their discipline, including students and faculty, clinical researchers, and of course patient care. Participating institutions included:

• Australian National University in Canberra - http://www.anu.edu.au/
• Calit2 - http://www.calit2.net/
• National Institute of Rehabilitation in Mexico City - http://www.cnr.gob.mx/
• Rede Nacional del Ensino a Pesquia (RNP) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - http://www.rnp.br/
• Red Universitaria Nacional (REUNA) in Santiago, Chile - http://www.reuna.cl/
• Seoul National University - http://www.useoul.edu/
• SUMMIT at Stanford University - http://summit.stanford.edu/
• Universiti Putra Malaysia - http://www.upm.edu.my/
• with the Ohio Supercomputer Center managing the videoconference - http://www.osc.edu/

Areas which were mentioned as benefiting from high-quality videoconferencing spanned methodology and awareness to education, greater breadth of research studies, and better patient care. Interactive online courses and live tele-surgery were specifically mentioned as having value to participants from Korea and Australia, who spoke of gaining and giving access to resources and experts many time zones away; such access could be used not only for training but also for patient care in difficult-to-reach locations.

Dr. Nancy Lane, Director of the Aging Center at the UC David Medical Center and President of the Bone & Joint Decade, was quick to note the usefulness of high-quality videoconferencing for outreach to schools and its potential in empowering researchers to “ask new questions” due to the new research opportunities offered with high-bandwidth networking. As an example of a simple, easily defined research question requiring a large, diverse population for study, she posited rare genetic conditions as an arena of study that would benefit from the international collaboration made possible by videoconferencing.

South American researchers had special interest in matters of direct patient care, with participants from Brazil’s RNP concerned with the technology’s usefulness in addressing elder care and injuries stemming from road accidents and child abuse.

Of course, patient privacy and data security were recognized as vitally important by all participants.

A further possibility raised by Dr. Wayne H. Akeson, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at UCSD and Chairman of the SICOT/SIROT Research Commission was that of a California Virtual Orthopedic Committee.

The event was webcast live, and an archived copy can be found online at http://sg60.oar.net/eHealth/. Scroll down to the “Int. Orthopedic Conference” which took place on Feb 13, 2007 3pm PST - 6pm PST to torrent the Windows Media or Quicktime version.

-- Janis Cortese, CENIC

National Networking News:

Internet2 and National LambdaRail to Merge

Almost a year ago two consortia that run high-speed computer networks for researchers scotched plans to merge, announcing that they were unable to find common ground on a host of organizational issues. But now the two groups -- Internet2 and National LambdaRail -- say the merger is back on.

The governing boards of both groups agreed earlier this month to a complete a "definitive agreement to merge" by April 20, according to a statement signed by Jeffrey S. Lehman, the chair of Internet2, and Tracy Futhey, the chair of LambdaRail. Mr. Lehman is a former president of Cornell University. Ms. Futhey is Duke University's Vice President for Information Technology.

To read the statement by Futhey and Lehman regarding the merger plan, visit http://www.nlr.net/newsroom/letters/20070310-Merger-Statement.pdf.

Source: http://chronicle.com/daily/2007/03/2007031901t.htm (subscription required)

Canada's CANARIE Receives CAN$120 million in Gov't Budget to Maintain CA*net4, Develop CA*net5

In the modern global economy, the most successful nations are those that best combine people, skills, new ideas and advanced technologies to create a competitive edge. Canada must be well positioned to succeed in this new environment. That’s why we’re making investments to create the best-educated, most-skilled and most flexible labor force in the world. Budget 2007 takes action on creating a Knowledge Advantage in Canada by [...] providing $120 million in 2006–07 to CANARIE Inc., a not-for-profit corporation that manages CA*net, a sophisticated research broadband network that links Canadian universities, research hospitals as well as other science facilities in other countries.

This money will allow CANARIE to maintain the CA*net network for the next five years and to develop the next generation CA*net5.

Source: http://www.budget.gc.ca/2007/bp/bpc5de.html

South Carolina Universities Seek State Money to Build High-Tech Fiber-Optic Line

South Carolina's three research universities are hoping to create a joint venture that will allow them to access a national fiber optic grid and put them in the running for millions of research dollars that they can't even apply for now.

Clemson University, the University of South Carolina and the Medical University of South Carolina are trying to create a "South Carolina Light Rail," said Jim Bottum, Clemson's chief information officer.

The rail would let the universities and other research organizations, such as hospitals, tap into the National Lambda Rail that runs between Charlotte, N.C., and Atlanta. That national line is capable of carrying high volumes of data at high speed so researchers in different locations can collaborate in real time, said Chris Przirembel, Clemson's vice president for research and economic development.

Source: http://www.myrtlebeachonline.com/mld/myrtlebeachonline/16833703.htm

City College of San Francisco Featured in February 2007 Communications News

In 2001, San Francisco voters approved $195 million in general obligation bonds to support facility expansion and infrastructure improvements at City College of San Francisco (CCSF), which provided more than 4,700 courses per semester to more than 106,000 students last year. In 2005, an additional $246.3 million in bonds were approved for further CCSF expansion and improvements.

With funding in hand, CCSF Chancellor Philip R. Day Jr. then outlined a strategic vision for the college: Prioritize improvements in the college’s communications technology infrastructure as strategic assets in order to advance the institution’s abilities to efficiently deliver educational value to the community. At the time, however, the college was experiencing reductions in educational funding, resulting in pressure to reduce operating costs.

Day recognized while some basic infrastructure upgrades were significant and necessary to move forward, other initiatives were needed in order to complete the long-term vision of fully preparing the college for a converged communications environment, while also reducing operational costs.

[...]

As CCSF continued to build out and refine its network to operate more efficiently and at lower costs, it found opportunities to increase bandwidth at no additional cost. Campus Internet connectivity is provided by the Corporation for Educational Network Initiatives in California (CENIC), a nonprofit organization that operates a network serving all K-20 schools in California with Internet connectivity and advanced network services. CCSF now connects to CENIC in the data center with a simple Gigabit Ethernet cross-connect.

The California Community College System agreed to increase the Internet bandwidth it provides to City College to 90 Mbps, based on college size and anticipated need, and the reduction in monthly recurring costs for the previous Internet access circuits. The balance of the Gigabit circuit to CENIC is available for connectivity to Internet2 ...

Source: http://www.comnews.com/

eSchool News Online Guide to Differentiated Learning

New realities in standardized testing, coupled with a better understanding of student needs, have underscored the importance of differentiated instruction. Given all of the progress being made in understanding the various learning styles, abilities, and preferences of students, tailoring exercises and instruction to the unique needs of each student is the next logical step in education--and, fortunately, advances in technology now make differentiated instruction possible like never before.

New software, hardware, and Internet trends allow educators and stakeholders to determine the optimal learning style for a given student, and then use this information to engage the student accordingly. This is fantastic news for everyone involved in education today--but the practice of differentiated instruction is not without its difficulties. Teachers need to learn the basics of these new technologies, then apply them expertly. Parents and administrators need to acclimate themselves to the idea that a "one-size fits all" approach to education is quickly becoming irrelevant and outdated. The promise of differentiated learning is as intimidating as it is exciting. That's why, with the generous help of educational search-engine company netTrekker, eSchool News has assembled this one-stop guide to differentiated learning. We hope you can use it to familiarize yourself with the concepts, difficulties, and execution surrounding one of the most important educational trends of today.

What you'll learn inside:

• How technology helps teach complex reading skills
• Why educators are taking a serious look at video games
• Discover why technology strikes a cord in music education

Find out how to apply differentiated learning into your schools and districts.

Source: http://www.eschoolnews.com/resources/reports/Differentiated_Learning/index.cfm

Cal State Universities Strive for Web Accessibility

As part of its Accessible Technology Initiative, the California State University (CSU) system will implement software from Nashua, NH-based HiSoftware to monitor the accessibility of its websites, Web content and Web applications for people with disabilities.

With 23 campuses and more than 440,000 students, the CSU system is the nation's largest public, four-year, higher-learning institution. It launched its initiative in January 2006 to ensure disabled students and staff could use CSU's information technology resources and to ensure all its campuses adhered to state and federal mandates.

Source: http://campustechnology.com/articles/46297/

SC07 Tech Program Now Accepting Submissions -- submit before April 9

RENO, Nevada, March 7 -- SC07, the premier international conference on high performance computing, networking and storage, will begin accepting submissions for the Technical Program on Monday, March 12, 2007. Sponsored by ACM and IEEE, SC07 will be held November 10-16, 2007, in Reno, Nevada.

Areas in the 2007 Technical Program include:

• Technical Papers
• Gordon Bell Prize Papers
• Panels
• Tutorials
• Workshops
• Analytics Challenge
• Bandwidth Challenge
• Cluster Challenge
• Storage Challenge

Submission forms and instructions are available at http://www.sc-submissions.org/. Panels, Tutorial, and Workshop submissions are due Monday April 9, 2007, 11PM. Eastern Time.

Source: http://www.sc-submissions.org/

National LambdaRail Call for Participation in NLRview

National LambdaRail announced today the provisioning and availability of new research architecture for novel network performance monitoring and measurement called NLRview. Beginning in early 2007, researchers will be able to instrument NLR’s nationwide infrastructure to study network performance and help devise new solutions for intrusions, bottlenecks and fault isolation. Utilizing NLR collected data as well as new shared research platforms strategically located in NLR’s backbone, researchers can gain access to actual critical performance data on the operational and experimental infrastructure.

“Currently, network science is severely stunted by a data acquisition crisis,” said Tom West, NLR’s President and CEO. “NLRview provides a start in gaining new knowledge about the complex networks on which the well-being of the US has come to depend. Network science needs new opportunities for sound measurement and analysis to drive policies that serve the public good.”

To learn more about NLRview, please visit http://noc.nlr.net/nlr/maps_documentation/measurement-technical-guide.html.

You can also visit http://www.nlr.net/ to download a copy of NLR's 2006 Annual Report online.

Source: http://www.nlr.net/newsroom/release.php?id=31

San Diego Supercomputer Experts Help Navajos build "An Internet to the Hogan"

Navajos in the American Southwest, many of whom have never had access to a personal telephone, will soon make a significant leap into the Internet Age, thanks in part to resources and expertise provided by the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California, San Diego.

The Navajos, who refer to themselves as the “Dine” (dee-nay), celebrated “An Internet to the Hogan and Dine Grid Event” on Monday, January 29, at Navajo Technical College in Crownpoint, New Mexico. Highlights of the event include their official acceptance of a “Little Fe” mini-supercomputer from the TeraGrid—the world’s largest supercomputing network—and a demonstration of advanced radio technology.

Little Fe (in contrast to “big iron,” slang for supercomputers) is a small cluster of parallel processors that work together as a single small supercomputer. Developed by a team of computer scientists and professors for their students, it provides both a research-level parallel cluster and an opportunity for students to learn parallel processing.

According to Tom Davis, dean of instruction at the Navajo college, the project is “designed to end the digital divide in the eastern agency of the Navajo Nation”—a vast, stark, high-desert landscape poorly served by commercial utility companies, where traveling 10 miles to make a phone call is not uncommon.

Source: http://www.isgtw.org/?pid=1000271

About CENIC:

California's education and research communities leverage their networking resources under CENIC, the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California, in order to obtain cost-effective, high-bandwidth networking to support their missions and answer the needs of their faculty, staff, and students. CENIC designs, implements, and operates CalREN, the California Research and Education Network, a high-bandwidth, high-capacity Internet network specially designed to meet the unique requirements of these communities, and to which the vast majority of the state's K-20 educational institutions are connected. In order to facilitate collaboration in education and research, CENIC also provides connectivity to non-California institutions and industry research organizations with which CENIC's Associate researchers and educators are engaged.

CENIC is governed by its member institutions. Representatives from these institutions also donate expertise through their participation in various committees designed to ensure that CENIC is managed effectively and efficiently, and to support the continued evolution of the network as technology advances.

For more information, visit www.cenic.org.

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